Paraphrasing vs. Direct Quotation:
Luke often quotes the Old Testament directly, he also paraphrases or adapts passages to fit his narrative. This is a common practice in ancient literature, and it does not necessarily indicate a lack of accuracy or faithfulness to the original text.
OLD TESTAMENT QUOTES IN GOSPEL OF LUKE
Exodus 13:2
2 Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is mine.
Exodus 13:12
12That thou shalt set apart unto the LORD all that openeth the matrix, and every firstling that cometh of a beast which thou hast; the males shall be the LORD’s.
Luke 2:23
23(As it is written in the law of the Lord, Every male that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord;)
Leviticus 5:11
11But if he be not able to bring two turtledoves, or two young pigeons, then he that sinned shall bring for his offering the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering; he shall put no oil upon it, neither shall he put any frankincense thereon: for it is a sin offering.
Leviticus 12:8
8And if she be not able to bring a lamb, then she shall bring two turtles, or two young pigeons; the one for the burnt offering, and the other for a sin offering: and the priest shall make an atonement for her, and she shall be clean.
Luke 2:24
24And to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law of the Lord, A pair of turtledoves, or two young pigeons.
Isaiah 40:3–5
3The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD, Make straight in the desert a highway for our God.4 Every valley shall be exalted, And every mountain and hill shall be made low: And the crooked shall be made straight, And the rough places plain: 5 And the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, And all flesh shall see it together: For the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it.
Luke 3:4–6
4As it is written in the book of the words of Esaias the prophet, saying, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight. 5Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low; and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough ways shall be made smooth; 6And all flesh shall see the salvation of God.
Deuteronomy 8:3
3And he humbled thee, and suffered thee to hunger, and fed thee with manna, which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know; that he might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of the LORD doth man live.
Luke 4:4
4And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.
Deuteronomy 6:13
13Thou shalt fear the LORD thy God, and serve him, and shalt swear by his name.
Luke 4:8
8And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
Psalm 91:11
11For he shall give his angels charge over thee, To keep thee in all thy ways.
Luke 4:10
10For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee:
Psalm 91:12
12They shall bear thee up in their hands, Lest thou dash thy foot against a stone.
Luke 4:11
11And in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
Deuteronomy 6:16
16Ye shall not tempt the LORD your God, as ye tempted him in Massah.
Luke 4:12
12And Jesus answering said unto him, It is said, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.
Isaiah 61:1–2
1The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me; Because the LORD hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; He hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, To proclaim liberty to the captives, And the opening of the prison to them that are bound;2To proclaim the acceptable year of the LORD, And the day of vengeance of our God; To comfort all that mourn;
Luke 4:18–19
18The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised, 19To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.
Malachi 3:1
1Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: And the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple, Even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in: Behold, he shall come, saith the LORD of hosts.
Luke 7:27
27This is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.
Isaiah 6:9
9And he said, Go, and tell this people, Hear ye indeed, but understand not; And see ye indeed, but perceive not.
Luke 8:10
10And he said, Unto you it is given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God: but to others in parables; that seeing they might not see, and hearing they might not understand.
Deuteronomy 6:5
5And thou shalt love the LORD thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might.
Leviticus 19:18
18Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.
Luke 10:27
27And he answering said, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind; and thy neighbour as thyself.
Micah 7:6
6For the son dishonoureth the father, The daughter riseth up against her mother, The daughter in law against her mother in law; A man’s enemies are the men of his own house.
Luke 12:53
53The father shall be divided against the son, and the son against the father; the mother against the daughter, and the daughter against the mother; the mother in law against her daughter in law, and the daughter in law against her mother in law.
Psalm 118:26
26Blessed be he that cometh in the name of the LORD: We have blessed you out of the house of the LORD.
Luke 13:35
35Behold, your house is left unto you desolate: and verily I say unto you, Ye shall not see me, until the time come when ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.
Exodus 20:12–16
12Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. 13Thou shalt not kill. 14Thou shalt not commit adultery. 15Thou shalt not steal. 16Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
Deuteronomy 5:16–20
16Honour thy father and thy mother, as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee; that thy days may be prolonged, and that it may go well with thee, in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. 17Thou shalt not kill. 18Neither shalt thou commit adultery. 19Neither shalt thou steal. 20Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.
Luke 18:20
20Thou knowest the commandments, Do not commit adultery, Do not kill, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Honour thy father and thy mother.
Psalm 118:26
26Blessed be he that cometh in the name of the LORD: We have blessed you out of the house of the LORD.
Luke 19:38
38Saying, Blessed be the King that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.
Isaiah 56:7
7Even them will I bring to my holy mountain, And make them joyful in my house of prayer: Their burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be accepted upon mine altar; For mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people.
Jeremiah 7:11
11Is this house, which is called by my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes? Behold, even I have seen it, saith the LORD.
Luke 19:46
46Saying unto them, It is written, My house is the house of prayer: but ye have made it a den of thieves.
Psalm 118:22
22The stone which the builders refused Is become the head stone of the corner.
Luke 20:17
17And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?
Deuteronomy 25:5
5If brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, the wife of the dead shall not marry without unto a stranger: her husband’s brother shall go in unto her, and take her to him to wife, and perform the duty of an husband’s brother unto her.
Luke 20:28
28Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man’s brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Exodus 3:6
6Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.
Exodus 3:15
15And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
Luke 20:37
37Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.
Psalm 110:1
1The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, Until I make thine enemies thy footstool.
Luke 20:42–43
42And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, 43Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.
Isaiah 53:12
12Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, And he shall divide the spoil with the strong; Because he hath poured out his soul unto death: And he was numbered with the transgressors; And he bare the sin of many, And made intercession for the transgressors.
Luke 22:37
37For I say unto you, that this that is written must yet be accomplished in me, And he was reckoned among the transgressors: for the things concerning me have an end.
Hosea 10:8
8The high places also of Aven, the sin of Israel, shall be destroyed: The thorn and the thistle shall come up on their altars; And they shall say to the mountains, Cover us; And to the hills, Fall on us.
Luke 23:30
30Then shall they begin to say to the mountains, Fall on us; and to the hills, Cover us.
Psalm 31:5
5Into thine hand I commit my spirit: Thou hast redeemed me, O LORD God of truth.
Luke 23:46
46And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost.
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