20.6.25

1 John 5:7

One very interesting thing to note linguistically is that John in his New Testament books does not in any instance make use of the whole and full term “Holy Spirit.” When John refers to the Holy Spirit he always uses the simple term “the Spirit” or such a phrase as the “Spirit of God.” The text of 1 John 5:7 in the King James Version which includes the term “Holy Spirit” is not a reading supported by manuscript evidence. This is a distinctive mark in John’s writing that further linguistically connects the Gospel of John, the Letters of John, and the Book of Revelation.[1]

 

What Does the Text Say?

Traditional (Disputed) Reading in King James Version:

"For there are three that bear record in heaven: the Father, the Word, and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness on earth: the Spirit, the water, and the blood; and these three agree as one."


Modern Critical Reading (e.g., NIV, ESV):

"For there are three that testify: the Spirit, the water, and the blood; and these three agree."


The bolded section is the Comma Johanneum.

 

Authentic Reading: 1 John 5:7-8 refers only to the Spirit, water, and blood.

The Comma Johanneum is a later addition (likely 4th–8th century) and not part of John’s original letter.

Modern translations (NIV, ESV, NRSV) omit the Comma or relegate it to footnotes.


Conclusion: The "heavenly witnesses" (Father, Word, Holy Spirit) in 1 John 5:7 are not original Scripture. They reflect a later theological insertion. The true focus of the passage is the earthly witnesses to Jesus’ identity:


Spirit: The Holy Spirit’s testimony (John 15:26).


Water: Jesus’ baptism (Matthew 3:16–17).


Blood: Jesus’ crucifixion (John 19:34–35).


This aligns with John’s emphasis on Jesus’ human and divine nature (1 John 4:2–3). The Trinity remains biblically sound—but not dependent on this disputed verse.


For deeper study, consult Bruce Metzger’s Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament or Bart Ehrman’s Misquoting Jesus.



 



[1] Earl F. Palmer and Lloyd J. Ogilvie, 1, 2 & 3 John / Revelation, vol. 35, The Preacher’s Commentary Series (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Inc, 1982), 54–57.

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1 John 5:7

One very interesting thing to note linguistically is that John in his New Testament books does not in any instance make use of the whole and...